John+Quincy+Adams

=John Quincy Adams=

= "Always vote for principle, though you may vote alone, and you may cherish the sweetest reflection that your vote is never lost." = -John Quincy Adams =Background:= Sixth President

Born on July 11, 1767, in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts Died February 23, 1848, in Washington, D.C.

Graduated from Harvard where he studied law Traveled with his Father overseas during the American Revolution, where he learned how to handle foreign affairs and how to speak fluently in different languages During Washington's Presidency he was a Minister to the Netherlands Was a Senator from Massachusetts He was a Minister to Russia during James Madison’s Presidency Participated in negotiating the Treaty of Ghent Secretary of State during James Monroe's Presidency Assisted with the Monroe Doctrine and persuaded Monroe to push the doctrine forward as a U.S. independent statement, rather than make it a joint attached doctrine with Great Britain Married to Louisa Catherine Johnson

=Presidency:= __Term:__ Began in March 4, 1825 Ended in March 4, 1829

__Political Party:__ Federalist, Democratic-Republican, finally became a Whig

__Cabinet:__ Vice President: John c. Calhoun Secretary of State: Henry Clay Secretary of War: James Barbour, then Peter B. Porter Secretary of the Treasury: Richard Rush __Issues during Presidency:__ - Campaign and Election of 1824: four men running for presidency, when it came to voting on the men in the Electoral College there need to be the majority vote. The top three with the most electoral votes goes to the House of Representatives which resulted in Jackson and Adams, due to the fact that Crawford had a stroke. - Corrupt Bargain occurred, which Jackson proclaimed was a deal between Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams. The deal was Henry Clay who was in charge of the house, elected John Quincy Adams to be president and in return John Quincy Adams named Clay as Secretary of State -During this time Second Political Party was born- 1825 Jacksonian-Democrats emerge, and their opposing party becomes known as the Whigs -Election of 1828: Jackson put a lot of effort in beating John Quincy Adams, and one of his main issues he campaigned was getting rid of the corruption in government -Tariffs of Abomination: tariffs on trade goods, the Jackson campaigners used these tariffs to campaign against John Quincy Adams __Important Points from Inaugurals:__ __First Inaugural:__ " of this experiment upon the theory of human rights has at the close of that generation by which it was formed been crowned with success equal to the most sanguine expectations of its founders. Union, justice, tranquillity, the common defense, the general welfare, and the blessings of liberty—all have been promoted by the Government under which we have lived." - Speaking to the people in a manner that will stir their feelings of patriotism, and illustrating that the government is a success

"Of the two great political parties which have divided the opinions and feelings of our country, the candid and the just will now admit that both have contributed splendid talents, spotless integrity, ardent patriotism, and disinterested sacrifices to the formation and administration of this Government, and that both have required a liberal indulgence for a portion of human infirmity and error." -Blaming the party strife on outside problems that were effecting the country

"To respect the rights of the State governments is the inviolable duty of that of the Union; the government of every State will feel its own obligation to respect and preserve the rights of the whole." -States rights, and then discusses the importance of following the federal government regulations - In his address, he really wants to continue the Era of Good Feelings but not really ready for the future events that are going to challenge his presidency and the government __First Annual Message:__ "The policy of the United States in their commercial intercourse with other nations has always been of the most liberal character. In the mutual exchange of their respective productions they have abstained altogether from prohibitions; they have interdicted themselves the power of laying taxes upon exports," - Trade with Europe and tariffs "The purchasers of public lands are among the most useful of our fellow citizens, and since the system of sales for cash alone has been introduced great indulgence has been justly extended to those who had previously purchased upon credit." -Goes in depth about taxes, internal revenue, debt and specifics of expenditures "Among the first, perhaps the very first, instrument for the improvement of the condition of men is knowledge, and to the acquisition of much of the knowledge adapted to the wants, the comforts, and enjoyments of human life public institutions and seminaries of learning are essential. " - Discussing the importance of education, and the military aspect of training officers at West Point -Mentioned slave trade and his disdain for it -Discusses Native Americans =Legacy:= His work and efforts with foreign affairs helped pave the way for an efficient trade with other nations. His first annual message encouraged internal revenues and the importance of education, with such schools as West Point.

Work Cited: Information: John Quincy Adams First Inaugural Address (March 4,1825) John Quincy Adams First Annual Message (December 6,1825) http://millercenter.org/president/jqadams/essays/biography/2 [] []

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