James+Buchanan

=James Buchanan= = "The test of leadership is not to put greatness into humanity, but to elicit it, for the greatness is already there." -James Buchanan = = Background Information: =

Fifteenth President of the United States Born on April 23, 1791, in Cove Gap (near Mercersburg), Pennsylvania Died on June 1, 1868, near Lancaster, Pennsylvania

Attended Dickinson College where he studied law Was a member of the House of Representatives from Pennsylvania Became a Senator Was part of the Foreign Relations Committee Minister to England during Franklin Pierce Presidency First and Only President to not get married His niece Harriet Lane took the roles of the First Lady

 = Presidency: = __Term:__ Began on March 4, 1857 Ended on March 4, 1861 __Political Party:__ Democrat __Cabinet:__ Vice President: John C. Breckinridge Secretary of State: Lewis Cass, then Jeremiah S. Black Secretary of War: John B. Floyd, then Joseph Holt Secretary of Treasury: Howell Cobb, then Philip F.Thomas, then John A. Dix __Issues During Presidency:__ -Bleeding Kansas: the popular sovereignty did not work, people ended up fighting and killing one another to gain territory, for their beliefs on slavery. - Dred Scott vs. Supreme Court: 1857, Dred Scott was a slave but whose master would live in a free state and died there, so Dred Scott declared he was free slave. The case resulted in the Supreme Court, where it was declared Dred Scott was not free, no black person slave or free is a citizen of the United States, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional - Harpers Ferry: John Brown tried leading a rebellion to end slavery, was captured and hung. Through this event John Brown became an abolitionist hero. -War is going to begin

__Important Points from Inaugural Address:__ __First Inaugural Address:__ "Congress is neither "to legislate slavery into any Territory or State nor to exclude it therefrom, but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States."" -States have the right to have slavery in their territory if they chose to

"Congress has also prescribed that when the Territory of Kansas shall be admitted as a State it "shall be received into the Union with or without slavery, as their constitution may prescribe at the time of their admission." -Kansas-Nebraska Act and Popular sovereignty

"no nation will have a right to interfere or to complain if in the progress of events we shall still further extend our possessions. Hitherto in all our acquisitions the people, under the protection of the American flag, have enjoyed civil and religious liberty, as well as equal and just laws, and have been contented, prosperous, and happy." -Trying to keep the peace and stop the nation from dividing -Strict constitution -Slavery protected by the constitution

=Legacy:= Tired to keep the nation together and avoid war, but this did not occurr, at the end of his presidency the nation was at the brink of war.

Work Cited: James Buchanan First Inaugural Address http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamesbuchanan http://millercenter.org/president/buchanan []

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